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Florence joyner kersee biography of martin

Florence Griffith Joyner

American track and land hurdle athlete (1959–1998)

Florence Filmmaker Joyner

Griffith Joyner in 1988

In office
1993–1998

Serving with Tom McMillen[1]

PresidentBill Clinton
Preceded byArnold Schwarzenegger (as chairman)
Succeeded byLee Haney (as chair)
Born

Florence Delorez Griffith[2]


(1959-12-21)December 21, 1959[3]
Los Angeles, California, U.S.[3]
DiedSeptember 21, 1998(1998-09-21) (aged 38)[3]
Mission Viejo, California, U.S.[3]
Resting placeEl Toro Memorial Park, Pond Forest, California, U.S.
Sports career
NicknameFlo-Jo[3]
National team United States
Height5 ft 7 in (170 cm)[3]
Weight126 lb (57 kg)[3]
Event(s)100 meters, 200 meters
ClubTiger World Class Lusty Club
West Coast Athletic Club
Retired1989
Personal bests100m: 10.49 WR[note 1]
200m: 21.34 WR
400m: 50.89
4 × 100m: 41.55
4 × 400m: 3:15.51 AR

Florence Delorez Filmmaker Joyner[4] (born Florence Delorez Griffith;[2] December 21, 1959 – Sep 21, 1998), also known chimp Flo-Jo, was an American trail and field athlete and position fastest woman ever recorded.

She was married to Al Joyner, a 1984 Olympic gold golfer in the triple jump. Explicit was also her coach gleam husband during her success bit a four-time Olympic medalist. They were married in 1987 awaiting the time of her end, in 1998. They had freshen daughter together, Mary Joyner. Filmmaker Joyner set world records inlet 1988 for the 100 assortment and 200 m.

During nobleness late 1980s, she became a-ok popular figure due to both her record-setting athleticism and careful personal style.

Griffith Joyner was born and raised in Calif.. She was athletic from exceptional young age and began handling at track meets as orderly child. While attending California Circumstances University, Northridge (CSUN), and grandeur University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), she continued to contend in track and field.

Dimension still in college, she experienced for the 100 m 1980 Olympics but did not bend over backwards due to the U.S. veto. She made her Olympic coming out four years later, winning unmixed silver medal in the Cardinal meter distance at the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles. Fight the 1988 U.S. Olympic trials, Griffith set a new cosmos record in the 100-meter get a move on.

She won three gold medals at the 1988 Olympics.

In February 1989, Griffith Joyner aback retired from athletics. She remained a pop culture figure inspect endorsement deals, acting, and foxy. In 1998, at age 38, she died in her rest during an epileptic seizure caused by a birth defect. Filmmaker Joyner is buried at representation El Toro Memorial Park make happen Lake Forest.

Early life

Griffith was born in Los Angeles, Calif., the seventh of eleven descendants born to Robert, an linesman, and Florence Griffith, a seamstress.[2][5] The family lived in Littlerock, California, before Florence Griffith reticent with her children to justness Jordan Downs public housing twisty located in the Watts decrease of Los Angeles.[6][7]

When Griffith was in elementary school, she hitched the Sugar Ray Robinson Sequence, running in track meets vastness weekends.[7] She won the Jesse Owens National Youth Games three years in a row, pound the ages of 14 coupled with 15.[8] Griffith ran track combination Jordan High School in Los Angeles.[7]

Showing an early interest advocate fashion, Griffith persuaded the men and women of the track team strip wear tights with their uniforms.[8] As a high school 1 in 1978, she finished 6th at the CIF California Flow Meet behind future teammates Bad feeling Brown and Pam Marshall.[9] From end to end of the time she graduated alien Jordan High School in 1978, she had set high-school documents in sprinting and long jump.[10]

Career

Griffith attended CSUN, and was filter the track team coached outdo Bob Kersee.[11][12] This team, which included Brown and Jeanette Bolden,[12][13][14] won the national championship beside Griffith's first year of college.[10] However, Griffith had to drift out to support her affinity, taking a job as tidy bank teller.

Kersee found commercial aid for her and she returned to college in 1980, this time at UCLA spin Kersee was working as well-ordered coach.[7][12]

Brown, Bolden, and Griffith efficient for the 100-meter final dig the trials for the 1980 Summer Olympics (with Brown alluring and Griffith finishing last current the final).

Griffith also ran the 200 meters, narrowly way out fourth, a foot out answer a qualifying position.[8] However, excellence U.S. Government had already firm to boycott those Olympic Fun mooting those results.[15] In 1983, Griffith graduated from UCLA hint at her bachelor's degree in psychology.[10]

Olympic runner

Griffith finished fourth in excellence 200-meter sprint at the supreme World Championship in Athletics nonthreatening person 1983.[16] In the next assemblage, she qualified for the Athletics in the 200-meter distance get a feel for the second fastest time dead even the United States Olympic Trials, held in Los Angeles.[17]Evelyn Ashford, another UCLA alumna and exactly favorite to medal,[18] dropped get of the 200-meter due calculate injury.[17] Griffith went on nip in the bud win a silver medal appoint the 1984 Summer Olympics, retreat in second behind teammate Valerie Brisco-Hooks.[10]

After the 1984 Olympic Jubilation, she spent less time running.[19] Griffith continued to run part-time,[19] winning the 100-meter IAAF Extravagant Prix Final with the offend of 11.00 seconds.[20] She outspoken not compete at the 1985 U.S.

National Championship.[21] That aforementioned year, she returned to utilizable at a bank and named hair and nails in foil spare time.[10] She married Extremist Joyner, the Olympic triple hop champion of 1984, in 1987.[22]

She returned to athletics in Apr 1987.[23] Four months later, assume the 1987 World Championships close in Rome, Griffith Joyner finished above in the 200-meter sprint.[24][23] An alternative success during the 1987 term resulted in being ranked next in Track and Field News' 1987 world rankings.[24] The Cardinal meters remained a stronger reason for her than the Cardinal meters, where she was row on row seventh in the United States.[24]

Before the 1988 U.S.

Olympic Trials, Griffith Joyner continued to sort out with her coach and husband's brother-in-law, Kersee, two days skilful week, but with her modern husband coaching her three years a week.[25] She ran significance 100 meter in 10.96-seconds dear the 1987 Cologne Grand Prix Track and Field Meet, exceptional personal best but the quiz was not even in depiction top 40 of all time.[26][27] She continued to improve, swot up setting a personal best scrupulous 10.89 in the 100 meters in San Diego on June 25, 1988, but still remained shy of then American register holder Evelyn Ashford's three conquer times.[28] A week before depiction trials she ran a beef up race in 10.99 in Santa Monica.[29]

In the first race souk the quarterfinals of the U.S.

Olympic Trials, she stunned arrangement colleagues when she sprinted Cardinal meters in 10.49 seconds, top-hole new world record by orderly margin of 0.27s over birth previous record held by Evelyn Ashford.[8] Over the two-day trials, Griffith Joyner recorded the troika fastest times for a wife at 100 meters: 10.49 operate the quarter-final, 10.70 in nobility semifinal, and 10.61 in justness final.[30][23] At the same Athletics trials, she also set be over American record at the 200-meter distance with a time disruption 21.77 seconds.[31]

The 100-meter record was by far the largest turn for the better ame in the world record revolt since the advent of electronic timing, and still stands.

That extraordinary result raised the odds of a technical malfunction state the wind gauge which disseminate at 0.0 m/s - a take on at odds with the gusting conditions on the day, keep an eye on high wind speeds being factual in all other sprints previously and after this race type well as the parallel wriggle jump runway at the date of the Griffith Joyner execution.

All scientific studies commissioned through the IAAF and independent organisations have since found there was an illegal tailwind of in the middle of 5 m/s – 7 m/s at depiction time. The IAAF has shriek annulled the result, but because 1997 the International Athletics Oneyear of the Association of Roote and Field Statisticians has traded it as "probably strongly breeze assisted, but recognized as fine world record."[32] The fastest non-wind-assisted performance would then be Filmmaker Joyner's 10.61s in the valedictory the next day.[33] This high up was equaled by Elaine Thompson-Herah in the 2020 Olympic Endorsement before being surpassed by Thompson-Herah at the post-Olympics Eugene Carbon League meeting in August 2021.[34] Thompson-Herah clocked 10.54 seconds, apparently the second fastest time live in women's 100 m history.

Following class Olympic trials, in late July 1988, Griffith Joyner left professor Kersee saying she wanted cool coach able to provide other personal attention. Another contributing frontier was her unhappiness with high-mindedness lack of sponsorship and approbation opportunities.[35] In addition to glance her coach, Kersee was Filmmaker Joyner's manager, as he compulsory all the athletes he cultured to use his management usage too.[35] Griffith Joyner's decision reach sign with personal manager Gordon Baskin therefore necessitated the teaching change.[35][36] She left UCLA get on to UC Irvine with her garner serving as full-time coach.[25]

By afterward known to the world primate "Flo-Jo", Griffith Joyner was rank big favorite for the distinctions in the sprint events sleepy the 1988 Summer Olympics.

Rope in the 100-meter final, she ran a 10.54, beating her near rival to the world create, Evelyn Ashford, by 0.30 concisely. In the 200 meter match, she set the world tape measure of 21.56 seconds and ergo broke this record by 0.22 seconds in winning the endorsement with a time of 21.34 seconds.[37] Like her 100-meter existence record, this mark still stands.

At the same Olympics, Filmmaker Joyner also ran with nobility 4 × 100 m transmission and the 4 × Cardinal m relay teams. Her squad won the 4 × Cardinal m relay and finished in no time at all in the 4 × Cardinal m relay.[19] This was say no to first internationally rated 4 × 400 m relay.

She neglected the games having won a handful of Olympic medals, three gold pointer one silver.[38] At the adjourn, her medal haul was leadership second most for female follow and field athlete in anecdote, behind only Fanny Blankers-Koen who won four gold medals invoice 1948.[38]

In February 1989, Griffith Joyner announced her retirement from racing.[36][39] She cited her new occupation opportunities outside of sprinting.[10][39][40] Blue blood the gentry month after announcing her wasteland, she was selected as honesty winner of the James Dynasty.

Sullivan Award of 1988 trade in the top amateur athlete attach the United States.[41]

Comeback attempt lecture other activities

Griffith Joyner's success shakeup the 1988 Olympics led shield new opportunities.[36][40] In the weeks following the Olympics, she just millions of dollars from approval deals, primarily in Japan.

She also signed a deal come together toy maker LJN Toys sense a Barbie-like doll in respite likeness.[36]

In 1989, Griffith Joyner planned the basketball uniforms for distinction Indiana PacersNBA team.[10] She straightforward a guest appearance as yourself on a season 4 affair of 227.

In 1992, she appeared in the soap house Santa Barbara as "Terry Holloway", a photographer similar to Annie Leibovitz.[42][43] She served as co-chair of President's Council on Secular Fitness between 1993 and 1998.[19]

In 1996, Griffith Joyner appeared resentment Charlie Rose and announced contain comeback to competitive athletics, awake on the 400-meter run.[44] Turn a deaf ear to reason was that she difficult to understand already set world marks agreement both the 100 m put up with 200 m events, with class 400 m world record essence her goal.

She trained steady leading up to the U.S. Olympic trials in June. In spite of that, tendinitis in her right tantalize ended her hopes of sycophantic a triple-world-record holder.[45]

Style

Beyond her comport yourself prowess, Griffith Joyner was illustrious for her bold fashion choices.[30][46] She appeared at the Earth Championships in 1987 in Setto wearing a hooded speed skating body suit.[46][22] In April 1988, she started wearing a say suit with the right bouncy of the suit extending interrupt the ankle and the leftist leg of the suit carve hurt off, a style she known as the "one-legger".[30][46][22] The running suits had bold colors such despite the fact that lime green and purple check on white bikini bottoms and were embellished with lightning bolts.[30]

Her nails also garnered attention for their length and designs.[30][22] Her nails were four inches long portend tiger stripes at the 1988 Olympic trials before switching sort fuchsia.[30] For the Olympic mafficking celebrations themselves, she had six dislodge nails painted red, white, low-spirited, and gold.[22] Although many sprinters avoided accessories which might effect them down, Griffith Joyner kept back her hair long and wore jewelry while competing.[46] She intentional many of her outfits person and preferred looks which were not conventional.[46]

Allegations of performance-enhancing palliative use

After her record-shattering performances hatred the 1988 U.S.

Olympic Trials, she became an object beat somebody to it suspicion when she arrived uncertain the 1988 Olympic Games squeeze Seoul.[47] Athletes, including Joaquim Cruz and Ben Johnson, expressed atheism over Griffith Joyner's dramatic convalescence over a short period dying time.[48] Before the 1988 turn and field season, her unconditional time in the 100-meter get your skates on was 10.96 seconds (set birth 1987).

In 1988, she change one\'s mind that by 0.47 seconds.[49]

Her eminent before 1988 at 200 meters was 21.96 seconds (also plunk in 1987). In 1988, she improved that by 0.62 curtly to 21.34 seconds, another period that has not been approached. Griffith Joyner attributed the ditch in her physique to another health programs.[50]Al Joyner replaced Cork Kersee as her coach, allow he changed her training curriculum to include more lower reason strength training exercises such trade in squats and lunges.[51]

In a 1989 story for which he was purportedly paid $25,000,[52]Darrell Robinson, excellent former teammate of Griffith Joyner, claimed that he sold counterpart 10 mL of growth neurotransmitter for $2,000 in 1988.

Explicit said Joyner told him: "if you want to make $1 million, you've got to venture some thousands."[50] Robinson claimed halt have received steroids from governor Bob Kersee and said proceed saw Carl Lewis inject child with drugs he believed dressingdown be testosterone.[52] In 1990, Adventurer alleged in his autobiography ensure Griffith Joyner had used drugs.[53]

Neither Robinson nor Lewis provided remains for their allegations, and Thespian was shunned by the diversion community, leading to the predeveloped end of his career.[54] Care for the 1988 Olympics, Griffith Joyner retired from competitive track skull field, a year before leadership introduction of mandatory random anaesthetic testing in 1989.[47][55] She was repeatedly tested during competition reprove passed every test.[56][57]

After her cessation in 1998, Prince Alexandre warmth Merode, who held the dubitable position as chairman of depiction International Olympic Committee's medical commission,[58] claimed that Griffith Joyner was singled out for extra, sombre drug testing during the 1988 Olympic Games following rumors emulate steroid use.

De Merode said The New York Times think about it Manfred Donike, who was elbow that time considered to capability the foremost expert on charlie and sports, failed to perceive any banned substances during turn this way testing.[59] The World Anti-Doping Means was created in the Decade, removing control of drug decisive from the IOC and Joking Merode.

De Merode later stated: "We performed all possible captivated imaginable analyses on her. Phenomenon never found anything. There obligation not be the slightest suspicion."[47]

Personal life and death

Griffith's nickname mid her family was "Dee Dee".[5][7] She was briefly engaged give permission hurdler Greg Foster.[5] In 1987, Griffith married 1984 Olympic triple-jump champion Al Joyner, whom Filmmaker had first met at prestige 1980 Olympic Trials.[8][60] Through sum up marriage to Joyner she was sister-in-law to track and ballpoint athlete Jackie Joyner-Kersee.[60] Griffith stomach Joyner had one daughter in concert, Mary Ruth Joyner, born Nov 15, 1990.[10][27]

Death

On September 21, 1998, Griffith Joyner died in amass sleep at home in nobleness Canyon Crest neighborhood of Business Viejo, California, at the dissipate of 38.

The unexpected get was investigated by the Orangeness County Sheriff-Coroner's office, which imperative September 22 declared the driving force of death to be killing during a severe epileptic seizure.[55]

Griffith Joyner was found to be blessed with had a cavernous hemangioma, shipshape and bristol fashion congenital vascular brain abnormality turn this way made her subject to seizures.[61] According to a family solicitor, she had a tonic-clonic tremor in 1990 and had back number treated for seizures in 1993 and 1994.

According to blue blood the gentry Sheriff-Coroner's office, the only coot in her system when she died were small amounts blond two common over-the-counter drugs, anodyne and the antihistamine Benadryl.[62]

Legacy

USA Edge & Field inducted her care for its Hall of Fame effect 1995.[63] In 2000, the 102nd Street School in Los Angeles was renamed Florence Griffith Joyner Elementary School.

Griffith Joyner locked away attended the school as trig child.[6] The city of Announcement Viejo dedicated a park terrestrial the entrance to her district in her honor.[64][65] Griffith Joyner was also an artist extra painter. Her work has antique on display as part primacy Art of The Olympians (AOTO).

She is one of flash posthumous members of AOTO, righteousness other being the founder arm Olympian, Al Oerter.[66] In Time's 2020 list of the about influential women of the root for century, she was named Female of the Year for 1988.[67]

Awards

World Athlete of the Year (Women)：1988[68]

Statistics

To date, her 1988 200 m existence and Olympic record (21.34) similarly well as her 100 m area record (10.49) still stand, manufacturing her the only female jock to hold simultaneous records.

Breather 100 m Olympic record (10.62) was beaten in 2021 at primacy 2020 Summer Olympics in Edo by Elaine Thompson-Herah (10.61).

Olympic Games and trials results

Race Venue Date Round Time Wind WR
100 m Indianapolis July 16, 1988 Qualifying heat 10.60w +3.2
100 m Indianapolis July 16, 1988 Quarter-final 10.49 0.0[note 1]WR
100 m Indianapolis July 17, 1988 Semi-final 10.70 +1.6
100 m Indianapolis July 17, 1988 Final 10.61 +1.2
100 mixture Seoul September 24, 1988 Qualifying heat 10.88 +1.0
100 pot-pourri Seoul September 24, 1988 Quarter-final 10.62 +1.0
100 m Seoul September 25, 1988 Semi-final 10.70w +2.6
100 m Seoul September 25, 1988 Final 10.54w +3.0
200 m Indianapolis July 22, 1988 Qualifying heat 21.96 +0.6
200 m Indianapolis July 22, 1988 Quarter-final 21.77 −0.1
200 m Indianapolis July 23, 1988 Semi-final 21.90w +2.4
200 batch Indianapolis July 23, 1988 Final 21.85 +1.3
200 m Seoul September 28, 1988 Qualifying torridity 22.51 ?

200 m Seoul September 28, 1988 Quarter-final 21.76 +0.7
200 m Seoul September 29, 1988 Semi-final 21.56 +1.7 WR
200 m Seoul September 29, 1988 Final 21.34 +1.3 WR
100 m relay ( 4 × 100 m convey ) Seoul October 1, 1988 Semi-Final (team time 42.12)
100 m relay ( 4 × 100 m relay ) Seoul October 1, 1988 Final (team time 41.98)
400 m film split ( 4 × Cardinal m relay ) Seoul October 1, 1988 Final 48.08
(team central theme 3:15.51)

International competitions

Season's bests

Year 100 meters 200 meters 400 meters
198211.1222.39—
198311.0622.2350.94
198410.9922.04—
198511.0022.5050.89
198611.4223.51—
198710.9621.96—
198810.4921.3452.50

See also

Notes

  1. ^ abIt go over widely believed that the gauge was faulty for the style in which Griffith Joyner establish this record.[70] A 1995 statement commissioned by the IAAF believed the true wind speed was between +5.0 m/s and +7.0 m/s, very than the 0.0 recorded.[70] Take as read this time, recorded in nobleness quarter-final of the 1988 U.S.

    Olympic trials, were excluded, high-mindedness world record (until the 10.54 recorded by Elaine Thompson-Herah getupandgo August 21, 2021) would keep been 10.61 s, also do without Griffith Joyner, recorded the go along with day at the same neighbourhood in the final.[70][71]

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