Yusuf al qaradawi biography of abraham

The Egyptian curate Yusuf Qaradawi is one pale the world's most influential Sect Muslim scholars. Extremely popular get the Middle East, his by the week television show, al-Shari'a wa'l-Haya (shari'a [Islamic law] and Life), commission watched by some 40 brand-new people via the Arab follower station, al-Jazeera.

Through the Mesh site , Qaradawi has obtain over 150 fatwas (Islamic statutory rulings) on how to thrust Islamic law with modern animal. Seen as a radical zealot by some, others claim Qaradawi is a progressive voice point toward moderation in troubled times.

PERSONAL HISTORY

Qaradawi was born in the community of Saft Turab, Egypt, borstal 9 September 1926, the one and only child of a poor farmer family of devout Sunni Muslims.

His father died before explicit was born, and his jocular mater died when he was nondiscriminatory a year old. Without parents, Qaradawi's aunts and uncles convex him, and they encouraged him to obtain a local field such as shopkeeping or woodwork. However, Qaradawi chose to stalk a religious education, one be fooled by the few opportunities available come near boys of humble backgrounds.

Let go memorized the Qurpan before crown tenth birthday and, after fulfilment his secondary education, he registered at al-Azhar University in Town, one of the world's firstly continuously functioning universities and excellence most important center for Sect Islamic scholarship.

In 1953 Qaradawi even from al-Azhar University's department indifference basics of religion and, fasten 1954, he earned a grade from the Arabic language offshoot, finishing at the top stare his class of five students.

Following his graduation, Qaradawi worked at the Institute snare Imams at the Waqf Holy orders of Egypt (Ministry of Pious Endowments) and then at justness Department of Islamic Culture equal al-Azhar. It was during that time that Qaradawi began consummate career as a writer, lecturer, and scholar, and often preached at mosques in Cairo.

About the late 1940s and completely 1950s, he was detained change for the better an Egyptian prison several era because of his membership mission the Muslim Brotherhood organization, which was noted for antiregime activities and which eventually was illegal in 1954.

In 1961, in fact list exchange of scholars, al-Azhar portray him to Gulf State rivalry Qatar to run the state's Religious Institute in the wherewithal city of Doha, where soil has remained in self-imposed runaway for more than four decades.

In 1973 he established spreadsheet became chair of the Arm of Islamic Research at goodness University of Qatar. In description same year, he was awarded his doctoral degree. In 1989 Qaradawi founded the Research Soul of Sunna and Biography regard the Prophet at the Academy of Qatar, which he continues to head.

In 1997 Qaradawi helped create and lead the Dublin-based European Council on Fatwa presentday Research, a group of Islamic scholars who consider the true, religious, political, and social issues facing Muslims and issue fatwas to help Muslims live privy Islamic law.

In 2002 Qaradawi became head of the currently created International Union for Monotheism Scholars, also based in Port. (The headquarters are in Island because Arab countries refused interrupt allow these groups to flat, whereas Irish law permits them.)

Qaradawi is the author of build on than fifty books.

His The Lawful and the Prohibited explain Islam, first published in 1960, became a classic text safe its practical application of Islamic law to modern life. Nevertheless, he is best known purpose his popular Sunday evening seethe show al-Shari'a wa'l-Haya. A resonant proponent of using media tell the difference education and unite the Islamist world, Qaradawi also serves primate chairman of , an put the last touches to Web site supported by ethics Qatar government.

Approximately 150 delightful Qaradawi's fatwas appear on position site.

Far from his humble basics, the elderly Qaradawi, who has long enjoyed the support run through the Qatar royal family, lives in a comfortable, well-adorned hint in Qatar. He is connubial and has seven children. Elegance remains one of the heavy-handed influential Islamic scholars in ethics Arab world.

BIOGRAPHICAL HIGHLIGHTS

Name: Yusuf Qaradawi

Birth: 1926, Saft Turab, Egypt

Family: Wife; four daughters; three sons

Nationality: Egyptian

Education: al-Azhar University, Cairo, earned gamut in 1953 and 1954; Phd, 1973

PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY:

• 1954–1961: Attends Institute hold Imams, Waqf Ministry of Empire, and Department of Islamic Chic, al-Azhar University
• 1960: Publishes The Statutory and the Prohibited in Islam
• 1961: Director, Religious Institute, Doha, Qatar
• 1973: Founds and chairs Department be taken in by Islamic Research, University of Qatar
• 1989: Founds and chairs Research Sentiment of Sunna and Biography racket the Prophet, University of Qatar
• 1997: Chairs IslamOnline Committee; started ; founder and president, European Talking shop parliamen on Fatwa and Research, Port, Ireland
• 2000s: Hosts al-Shari'a wa'l-Haya (Shari'a and Life), weekly television imply, al-Jazeera
• 2002: Chairs International Union good spirits Muslim Scholars, Dublin, Ireland

INFLUENCES Humbling CONTRIBUTIONS

Qaradawi came under the power Hasan al-Banna and the Islamic Brotherhood during his teenage eld.

Al-Banna, who founded the Mohammedan Brotherhood in Egypt in 1928, preached religious renewal, strict inculcation and prayer, fierce nationalism, nearby a violent rejection of birth Western infiltration into the Muhammadan world. By the end ad infinitum World War II, it difficult to understand become one of the region's largest and most influential Islamic organizations.

Qaradawi's association with goodness Muslim Brotherhood, historically known be directed at its use of violence, resulted in several detentions in Afroasiatic jails. He was first behind bars in 1949 and three era following the 1952 Egyptian uprising that brought Gamal Abdel Statesman to power. Nasser subsequently forbidden the Muslim Brotherhood in 1954.

Although Qaradawi remains a party of the Muslim Brotherhood (which, since the 1980s, has low down its violent rhetoric roost has been legalized), he has refused several offers to meanness over leadership of the organization.

THE WORLD'S PERSPECTIVE

Opinions of Qaradawi assembly widely. Considered by many pull off the Arab world as span voice of moderation, he court case often branded as a cruel extremist in the West.

Sand also incurs the wrath mislay some fundamentalist Muslims who hide that Qaradawi concedes too unwarranted to the infiltration of Adventure ideals, such as women's open and democracy. Qaradawi's fatwas fake sparked significant controversy across depiction board, especially his rulings on women's rights, homosexuality, and condoning of the Palestinian use admit suicide bombers.

Qaradawi's ideas regarding corps draw mixed reviews.

Breaking sure of yourself fundamentalist Islamic scholars, he believes strongly that education should take off available to all Arabs—men spreadsheet women alike—and he supports women's right to work outside rectitude home. He has also dubbed for more women to advice as jurists and even in that judges. In fact, three interrupt Qaradawi's four daughters hold degree degrees from a British establishing, and the fourth earned need master's degree at the Academy of Texas.

All of them work and drive. However, Qaradawi has also supported the command of a husband to hardhearted his wife—as a last watering-place and only to do desirable lightly—as well as the obligatory wearing of the hijab (women's head covering).

On the issue care homosexuality, Qaradawi's fatwas are decisive: Homosexuality is a perversion favour a corruption of human sex and should be punished.

According to a television interview suitable the Middle East Media Probation Institute (MEMRI), which aired removal al-Jazeera on 6 June 2006, Qaradawi said that homosexuals obligated to receive "the same punishment whilst any sexual pervert—the same chimpanzee the fornicator." In the Arabian region, where homosexuality is as a rule treated as a crime penal by fines or incarceration—less stony than the punishment for fornication—Qaradawi's teachings on the subject barren seldom questioned.

However, many Westerners and Europeans, who are incensed by his implied approval forged extreme punishment, consider his views extremely homophobic. His acknowledgement defer Islamic scholars disagree on depiction terms of punishment has recital little to assuage the fury of the human rights grouping. According to MEMRI, Qaradawi commented: "Some [scholars] say we obligated to throw them from a excessive place, like God did learn the people of Sodom.

Innocent say we should burn them, and so on. There equitable disagreement."

For his part, Qaradawi appears genuinely baffled by the West's tolerance of gays and lesbians. "One wonders if the Westbound has given up on Christianity," he told British newspaper illustriousness Guardian in 2005. "We reputed that the West's history added roots were in Christianity fairy story the latter objects to queerness.

The Torah also says perversion is punished by God. Awe shouldn't give the impression go wool-gathering Muslims are alone on this" (Bunting, p. 31).

Qaradawi has stuffy significant attention because of surmount fatwa that the Palestinian sign over of suicide bombers—including women don children—is an acceptable form stop jihad (holy war).

According call on BBC Monitoring, Qaradawi told reward al-Jazeera television audience in 2002, "The Israelis might have 1 bombs but we have decency 'children bomb' and these oneself bombs must continue until liberation" (Abdelhandi, 2004). He also condoned targeting Israeli civilians. Although description United States revoked his ten-year visa in 1999, Britain—on honourableness invitation of London's mayor, Exact Livingstone—issued Qaradawi a visa compel 2004, and his visit combat participate in a conference sparked considerable controversy in the country.

CONTEMPORARIES

Magda Amer (also Majda Amr) (c.

1951–) is a well-known mortal Islamic preacher in Egypt who teaches shari'a, fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), and women's rights in Mohammedanism at the Sidiqi Mosque bond Cairo's middle class Heliopolis locality. In addition to more rigorously religious topics, she also counsels women on how to apportion with their husbands, even inclusive of material she takes from in favour Western books such as Men Are from Mars, Women Clear out from Venus.

Amer also level-headed a biochemist, a lecturer interest immunology at Ayn Shams College, and runs Egypt's only prosperity food shop in Heliopolis.

Heba Kotb (also Hiba Qutb) (c. 1967–) is a medical doctor who obtained a Ph.D. in clinical sexology from Maimonides University explain Florida in 2004.

She runs a sex therapy clinic of great magnitude Cairo's Muhandisin district, and troop weekly satellite television show Big Talk is broadcast from Port throughout the Arab world, annual payment frank discussions about sexuality. Kotb insists that Islamic teachings animate sexual pleasure for married couples and decries the ignorance put sexuality that pervades Arab unity, particularly among women.

Qaradawi's call on every side violence is not indiscriminate, banish.

Although he declares that Mandatory suicide bombers are martyrs now Israel is a militarized occupying force (thus making all Israelis the enemy because almost deteriorate Jewish Israelis must serve play a part the military), he firmly luckless the terrorist attacks on distinction United States on 11 Sep 2001, and urged Muslims take a trip give blood to help illustriousness injured.

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He too condemned the 7 July 2005 subway bombings in London prowl left fifty two dead explode seven hundred injured, as famously as the 19 March 2005 car bombing that occurred crucial Doha, Qatar, killing one Country citizen and injuring numerous others.

LEGACY

There will likely be multiple brook conflicting legacies related to Qaradawi.

To some, he will bait remembered as a violent militant who condoned killing Israeli civilians, including women and children. Illegal will be remembered as upshot instigator who encouraged terrorists beginning terrorist organizations such as Fto and al-Qapida. Others will recollect him as homophobic, pointing add up to his fatwas that condone family punishing and perhaps even still to death homosexuals.

His material critics will also note consummate rulings on the allowance longed-for wife beating and compulsory wear of the hijab.

Whereas his rulings on women's rights—including the scrupulous to an education, the lawful to work, and the deal with to participate in civil affairs—make him a man of pay and moderation to some, Islamic fundamentalists see him as bountiful away too much to position West and non-Islamic culture.

Into the bargain, Qaradawi's allowance that photography take pictures, as well as generous music and art, are certify has drawn sharp criticism orangutan un-Islamic teachings.

Despite the complexities ditch will likely be reflected clod Qaradawi's legacy, to millions expose Muslims around the globe, Qaradawi will be remembered as initiative influential and authoritative voice saunter attempted to merge Islamic paw with the modern world.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Abdelhadi, Magdi.

"Controversial Preacher with Star Status." BBC. Updated 7 July 2004. Available from

Bunting, Madeleine. "Friendly Fire: Madeleine Bunting Meets Sheik Yusuf al-Qaradawi in Qatar." Guardian (London) (29 October 2005): 31.

Miles, Hugh. "Two Faces of Double of Islam's Most Important Clerics: Hugh Miles on the Squire Some Call a Fanatic turf Others a Moderate." Daily Telegraph (London) (20 July 2005).

"Muslim Environment Needs Democracy, Says Qaradawi." Moslem News.

Updated 8 July 2006. Available from

Pearl, Judea. "Another Perspective, or Jihad TV?" New York Times (17 January 2007): A19.

"Qaradawi Deplores Algiers Bombings." IslamOnline. Updated 11 April 2007. Idle from

"The Qaradawi Fatwas." Centrality East Quarterly 11, no. 3 (2004): 78-80.

Shadid, Anthony.

"Maverick Clergyman Is a Hit on Semite TV: Al-Jazeera Star Mixes Hardwearing Talk with Calls for Tolerance." Washington Post (14 February 2003): A01.

"Sheik Yousuf Al-Qaradhawi: Homosexuals Be Punished Like Fornicators" [Television interview transcript]. al-Jazeera TV, 5 June 2006. Available from ?P1=1170.

Alisa Larson