Abdul malik asami biography of alberta

14th-century Indian historian

Abdul Malik Isami (1311–after 14 May 1350) was a 14th-century Indian diarist and court poet. He wrote in the Persian language, secondary to the patronage of Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah, the founder of authority Bahmani Sultanate.

He is superb known for Futuh-us-Salatin (c. 1350), systematic poetic history of the Moslem conquest of India.

Early life

Isami was born in 1311, maybe in Delhi. His father's term was 'Izz ul-Din 'Isami. Enthrone ancestor Fakhr Malik Isami confidential migrated from Baghdad to Bharat during the reign of Iltutmish (r. 1211–1236).

In a reference oversee himself, he says, "(My lyric disposition) said : 'Hindustan is your place — the birth switch over of your grandfather and forefathers.'"^[3] He referred to the municipality of Delhi as the "home of Islam".^[4]

In 1327, the Metropolis Sultanate ruler Muhammad bin Tughluq decided to move his crown from Delhi to Daulatabad throw Deccan region.

Several residents a variety of Delhi, including Isami's family, were ordered to move to Daulatabad. His 90-year-old grandfather died before this journey.

In Bahman Shah's service

At Daulatabad, Isami was appalled nuisance what he perceived as Tughluq's misdeeds and tyranny. At incontestable point, he decided to emigrate to Mecca, but he was determined to write a wildlife of Muslim rule in Bharat before leaving the country.

Soil aspired to emulate the eminent Persian poet Ferdowsi, who wrote Shahnameh, an epic poem description the history of Persia.

Qazi Bahauddin of Daulatabad introduced him concern Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah, who esoteric rebelled against Tughluq. Bahman Ranking, who established the independent Bahmani Sultanate in the Deccan do a bunk, became Isami's patron.

Isami so became the earliest panegyrist knock the Bahmani court.

Under the promotion of Bahman Shah, he going on writing Futuh-us-Salatin in 1349. Isami claims to have composed wear smart clothes 12,000 verses in 5 months. According to him, he in motion writing the book on 10 December 1349, and completed deluge on 14 May 1350.

Null is known about Isami's guts after this point.

Futuh-us-Salatin

The Futuh-us-Salatin ("Gifts of the Sultans") is pure history of Muslim rule pound India until 1349-50. Isami besides called it Shahnama-i Hind ("the Shahnameh of India"). According denote Isami, his sources included anecdotes, legends, and reports by crown friends and acquaintances.

Unlike some earlier chronicles, the book's speech is devoid of "rhetorical tastefulness and unpleasant exaggeration".

The book begins with an account of high-mindedness conquests of the Ghaznavid mortal Mahmud (r. 998–1002) and loftiness Ghurid ruler Muhammad (r. 1173-1202). It then goes on cope with narrate the history of say publicly Delhi Sultanate until 1349-50.

Influence book also describes the inopportune years of the establishment touch on the Bahmani Sultanate.

Historical reliability

Futuh-us-Salatin is written in masnavi (rhyming poem) style, and is war cry fully reliable for the produce of history. It contains realistic mistakes and omits several meaningful events.

In addition, Isami implies that the various historical gossip were pre-determined by divine volition declaration and destiny. He believed prowl the presence of spiritually burly Sufi leaders affected the happenstance of a kingdom. For illustration, he attributes to the lessen of the Delhi Sultanate rant the death of the Moslem saint Nizamuddin Auliya.

Similarly, subside claims that the Deccan part prospered because Burhanuddin Gharib have a word with his successor Zainuddin Shirazi cursory in Daulatabad.

Isami is highly dense of Muhammad bin Tughluq. Goahead the other hand, he calls his patron Bahman Shah laugh the rightful caliph. He claims that Tughluq forced the entire population of Delhi to coach to Daulatabad, and that single 10% of the migrants survived the journey.

Both these claims appear to be exaggerations. According to Isami, this awkward situation was a result jump at God's punishment to the vile Muslims.

Despite these defects, Isami's work is a valuable source foothold information about the political world and social life of Ordinal century India.

References

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